fsck(1M) System Administration Commands fsck(1M)NAMEfsck - check and repair file systems
SYNOPSISfsck [-F FSType] [-m] [-V] [special]...
fsck [-F FSType] [-n | N | y | Y] [-V] [-o FSType-specific-options]
[special]...
DESCRIPTIONfsck audits and interactively repairs inconsistent file system condi‐
tions. If the file system is inconsistent the default action for each
correction is to wait for the user to respond yes or no. If the user
does not have write permission fsck defaults to a no action. Some cor‐
rective actions will result in loss of data. The amount and severity of
data loss can be determined from the diagnostic output.
FSType-specific-options are options specified in a comma-separated
(with no intervening spaces) list of options or keyword-attribute pairs
for interpretation by the FSType-specific module of the command.
special represents the character special device on which the file sys‐
tem resides, for example, /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s7. Note: the character spe‐
cial device, not the block special device, should be used. fsck will
not work if the block device is mounted.
If no special device is specified fsck checks the file systems listed
in /etc/vfstab. Those entries in /etc/vfstab which have a character
special device entry in the fsckdev field and have a non-zero numeric
entry in the fsckpass field will be checked. Specifying -F FSType lim‐
its the file systems to be checked to those of the type indicated.
If special is specified, but -F is not, the file system type will be
determined by looking for a matching entry in /etc/vfstab. If no entry
is found, the default local file system type specified in
/etc/default/fs will be used.
If a file system type supports parallel checking, for example, ufs,
some file systems eligible for checking may be checked in parallel.
Consult the file system-specific man page (for example, fsck_ufs(1M))
for more information.
OPTIONS
The following generic options are supported:
-F FSType
Specify the file system type on which to operate.
-m
Check but do not repair. This option checks that the file system is
suitable for mounting, returning the appropriate exit status. If
the file system is ready for mounting, fsck displays a message such
as:
ufs fsck: sanity check: /dev/rdsk/c0t3d0s1 okay
-n | -N
Assume a no response to all questions asked by fsck; do not open
the file system for writing.
-V
Echo the expanded command line but do not execute the command. This
option may be used to verify and to validate the command line.
-y | Y
Assume a yes response to all questions asked by fsck.
-o specific-options
These specific-options can be any combination of the following sep‐
arated by commas (with no intervening spaces).
b=n
Use block n as the super block for the file system. Block 32 is
always one of the alternate super blocks. Determine the loca‐
tion of other super blocks by running newfs(1M) with the -Nv
options specified.
c
If the file system is in the old (static table) format, convert
it to the new (dynamic table) format. If the file system is in
the new format, convert it to the old format provided the old
format can support the file system configuration. In interac‐
tive mode, fsck will list the direction the conversion is to be
made and ask whether the conversion should be done. If a nega‐
tive answer is given, no further operations are done on the
file system. In preen mode, the direction of the conversion is
listed and done if possible without user interaction. Conver‐
sion in preen mode is best used when all the file systems are
being converted at once. The format of a file system can be
determined from the first line of output from fstyp(1M). Note:
the c option is seldom used and is included only for compati‐
bility with pre-4.1 releases. There is no guarantee that this
option will be included in future releases.
f
Force checking of file systems regardless of the state of their
super block clean flag.
p
Check and fix the file system non-interactively ("preen"). Exit
immediately if there is a problem requiring intervention. This
option is required to enable parallel file system checking.
w
Check writable file systems only.
EXIT STATUS
0 file system is okay and does not need checking
1 erroneous parameters are specified
32 file system is unmounted and needs checking (fsck -m only)
33 file system is already mounted
34 cannot stat device
36 uncorrectable errors detected - terminate normally
37 a signal was caught during processing
39 uncorrectable errors detected - terminate immediately
40 for root, same as 0.
USAGE
The fsck command is large file aware for UFS file systems, per the
largefile(5) man page.
FILES
/etc/default/fs
default local file system type. Default values can be set for the
following flags in /etc/default/fs. For example: LOCAL=ufs.
LOCAL
The default partition for a command if no FSType is specified.
/etc/vfstab
list of default parameters for each file system
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
│ ATTRIBUTE TYPE │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
│Availability │SUNWcsu │
└─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘
SEE ALSOclri(1M), fsck_cachefs(1M), fsck_ufs(1M), fsdb_ufs(1M), fsirand(1M),
fstyp(1M), mkfs(1M), mkfs_ufs(1M), mountall(1M), newfs(1M), reboot(
1M), vfstab(4), attributes(5), largefile(5), ufs(7FS)WARNINGS
The operating system buffers file system data. Running fsck on a
mounted file system can cause the operating system's buffers to become
out of date with respect to the disk. For this reason, the file system
should be unmounted when fsck is used. If this is not possible, care
should be taken that the system is quiescent and that it is rebooted
immediately after fsck is run. Quite often, however, this will not be
sufficient. A panic will probably occur if running fsck on a file sys‐
tem modifies the file system.
NOTES
This command may not be supported for all FSTypes.
Starting with Solaris 9, fsck manages extended attribute data on the
disk. (See fsattr(5) for a description of extended file attributes.) A
file system with extended attributes can be mounted on versions of
Solaris that are not attribute-aware (versions prior to Solaris 9), but
the attributes will not be accessible and fsck will strip them from the
files and place them in lost+found. Once the attributes have been
stripped, the file system is completely stable on versions of Solaris
that are not attribute-aware, but would be considered corrupted on
attribute-aware versions. In the latter circumstance, run the
attribute-aware fsck to stabilize the file system before using it in an
attribute-aware environment.
SunOS 5.10 7 May 2008 fsck(1M)
